Characterization of Rho-GDIg and Rho-GDIa mRNA in the developing and mature brain with an analysis of mice with targeted deletions of Rho-GDIg
نویسندگان
چکیده
Rho-GDIs are a family of Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors that are critical in modulating the activity of the small GTPases, Cdc42 and RhoA. Two Rho-GDI isoforms are expressed in the brain, Rho-GDIg and Rho-GDIa. Here, we describe the expression of both of these isoforms in the developing and mature brain. The mRNA expression patterns of Rho-GDIg and Rho-GDIa were almost identical in the brain with expression in the developing and mature cerebral cortex, striatum, and hippocampus. In addition, we generated mice with targeted deletions of Rho-GDIg that are viable and fertile and have no obvious phenotypic abnormalities. Mutant brains looked histologically normal and demonstrated normal patterns of dendritogenesis and neuronal layering as determined by Golgi staining. Mutant mice had normal sleep/ wake patterns and sleep EEGs and showed normal hippocampal-dependent learning as assayed by the Morris water maze task. Based on the co-expression of Rho-GDIa and Rho-GDIg in identical populations of cells in the brain, the lack of phenotype caused by targeted deletion of Rho-GDIg may not be surprising given that Rho-GDIa may compensate for the loss of Rho-GDIg. Whether deletion of both Rho-GDIa and Rho-GDIg, thereby eliminating all GDI activity in the brain, would produce an observable phenotype remains to be determined. D 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Theme: Developmental and regeneration Topic: Developmental genetics
منابع مشابه
Rho Kinase Inhibitors as a Novel Treatment for Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension
In an elegant example of bench-to-bedside research, a hypothesis that cells in the outflow pathway actively regulate conventional outflow resistance was proposed in the 1990s and systematically pursued, exposing novel cellular and molecular mechanisms of intraocular pressure (IOP) regulation. The critical discovery that pharmacologic manipulation of the cytoskeleton of outflow pathway cells dec...
متن کاملFixed point theorems for new J-type mappings in modular spaces
In this paper, we introduce $rho$-altering $J$-type mappings in modular spaces. We prove some fixed point theorems for $rho$-altering and $rho$-altering $J$-type mappings in modular spaces. We also furnish illustrative examples to express relationship between these mappings. As a consequence, the results are applied to the existence of solution of an integral equation arising from an ODE ...
متن کاملQuadratic $rho$-functional inequalities in $beta$-homogeneous normed spaces
In cite{p}, Park introduced the quadratic $rho$-functional inequalitiesbegin{eqnarray}label{E01}&& |f(x+y)+f(x-y)-2f(x)-2f(y)| \ && qquad le left|rholeft(2 fleft(frac{x+y}{2}right) + 2 fleft(frac{x-y}{2}right)- f(x) - f(y)right)right|, nonumberend{eqnarray}where $rho$ is a fixed complex number with $|rho|
متن کاملP130: The Role of Rho-Kinase (ROCK) in Microglia/Macrophage Polarization in Neuroinflammatory Diseases
Macrophage/microglia with heterogonous phenotype and function under physiological and pathological conditions are the main cell lineage involved in inducing immune responses in neuroinflammatory diseases which exhibit combined inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions. An increase in the expression of iNOS triggers M1 phenotype that secrete high concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, whil...
متن کاملThe Relationship Between Hip and Knee Flexibility and Post-Coronary Angiography Pain
Purpose: Coronary angiography can cause post-procedural pain, and limited flexibility in the hips and knees may contribute to this discomfort. Patients with restricted hip and knee flexibility may experience increased stress. This study was designed to assess the flexibility of the hip and knee and its relationship with pain experienced after femoral angiography. Methods: This cross-sectional ...
متن کامل